How Income Inequality is Affecting People Essay - 856 Words

The disparity between the top income earners in the United States and everyone else is ridiculous. The rich continue to see huge increases in their income while everyone else’s rarely moves. Who is to blame for such a huge income disparity are Republicans, Democrats, neither, or maybe both? However, traditionally right wing republicans have favored reducing income taxes and corporate taxes for the top earners in the U.S. Republicans argue that Bush-era tax cuts on top earnings should be extended to stimulate the economy, while many Democrats back extensions only for lower earners(Marcia Clemmitt, 2010, para 1). While on the left side Democrats generally believe that more government spending can help bridge the gap between the rich and†¦show more content†¦For instance it has been reported that businesses that once thrived from a healthy middle class are now struggling to keep their doors open. This is in partly because the middle class is diminishing. People who once shopped or ate at middle class establishments are no longer going. Nelson D. Schwartz from the New York Times states, â€Å"As a retailer or restaurant chain, if you’re not at the really high level or the low level, that’s a tough place to be, you don’t want to be stuck in the middle.† Middle class restaurants and retail chains for example: Olive Garden, Red Lobster, Best Western, Sears, and JC Penney’s are among some of the middle class targeted companies that are doing worst than in past years. Companies that were once thrived have seen their profits decrease over the years. Schwartz reports, â€Å"Sears said it would shutter its flagship store on State Street in downtown Chicago, and J. C. Penney announced the closings of 33 stores and 2,000 layoffs.† It does not come as a surprise that companies are becoming aware of what is happening to the wealth distribution in America and therefore adapting. Investors are uneasy about the future of companies whose target is the middle class because businesses like Nordstrom and the Dollar Tree have doubled in value since 2009 (Schwartz). If this continues there might be a day where the majority businesses are only for the rich or poor end. Business usually attempt to adapt to target consumers depending on their spendingShow MoreRelatedThe Growth Of Federal Debt And Deficit Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pagesproblems affecting people throughout the country. These problems are ultimately affecting the growth of the United States. The growth of federal debt and deficit is seen as a major problem by the people of the United States especially when many people do not see the next president doing much more to improve it. The unbalanced labor market and immigration’s possible role in that has also been a discussion for many American citizens. It is important to also address the inequality regarding income. TheRead MoreUrban Geography And The Human Agency1212 Words   |  5 Pages With the sources provided it is evident how influential the social structure is on urban geography and the human agency in the continuum of the socio-spatial dialect. The talk by Wilkinson outlines social problems that correlate to inequality that is widening throughout developed countries. The Figures provide statistics of the inequality within Canada and the patterns that are not temporary but also not inevitable as discussed in the article about the Three Cities of Toronto. The article analysesRead MoreEducation And Income Inequality : New Evidence From Cross Country Data Essay927 Words   |  4 PagesLee published â€Å"Education and Income Inequality: New Evidence from Cross-Country Data† in the early 2000s (Gregorio Lee, 2002). This paper looks at empirical evidence on how educational factors, like higher educational attainment and equal distribution of education, play a significant role in income distribution. 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A clip of Jon Stewart and his satire was featured during the opening minutes of the documentary Inequality for All. Robert Reich, former Secretary of Labor during the Clinton administration, is the centerpiece of the film, describing and explaining the growing income inequality in the United States and the effect it has on the economy. The peak years in high income concentration inRead MoreIncome Inequality And Poverty989 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Income inequality has no necessary connection with poverty, the lack of material resources for a decent life, such as adequate food, shelter, and clothing. A society with great income inequality may have no poor people, and a society with no income inequality may have nothing but poor people† - Robe rt Higgs. When people think of income inequality they picture poverty and people not having basic necessities. However income inequality is not just a connection to the poor. Income inequality is stronglyRead MoreWealth Gap Between Whites And Minorities Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesWealth Gap in America America has a lengthy history on how it became the powerful country it is today, and although its history can be interrupted in many ways (depending who you ask) one thing that is for certain is that wealth has yet to be distributed equally amongst minorities. According to the article â€Å"Income inequality matter; Extreme gap in wealth makes society unstable.† Philip Meyer claims that the wealth gap between whites and minorities has existed since Ronald Reagans’ term of presidencyRead MoreA Study Area Is The Region Of The U.s. Lake1234 Words   |  5 PagesA study area is the region of the U.S. Lake States, including Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. In the region, about 27% of the estimated 20.8 million people reside in rural areas. Over 96% of the lands are considered as rural areas. Traditionally, the region had economically dependent on natural resource extraction and related low-skill manufacturing industries (Hamilton et al., 2008). However, such industries a re recently weakened by globalization and rising policies on protection of naturalRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald867 Words   |  4 Pagestopic† is questioned, â€Å"Does income inequality impair the American dream of upward mobility?† In the beginning, Mr. Robert Rosenkranz provides the audience with a comparison of one’s income to a ladder with many rungs. He sets a perspective about the increase in inequality creating a difficulty or perhaps a neutrality of mobility within our capitalist economy. The importance of the issue brings a rise in discussion about the relationship between social positions affecting economic success. As a societyRead MoreConfronting Inequality by Paul Krugman. Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesConfronting Inequality Paul Krugman is asserting the fact of high socioeconomic inequality in the United States, while demonstrating its consequences and the variety of statistic evidences upon it. He is depicting modern Americ an society where we have a huge gap between economic elite and lower-and middle-income classes. There is a time for a Great Moderation reforms that will bring a socioeconomic equality. I agree, that economical inequality brings the social inequality, where as a result

The War Of The Civil War - 777 Words

The widespread violence that turned into the Civil War began with the election of 1860. Abraham Lincoln won the election of 1860 without a single vote from the states below the Ohio River. South Carolina was the first state to respond to Lincoln’s election. On December 20, 1680, South Carolina seceded from the Union. South Carolina was the first of the â€Å"Original Seven† who seceded from the Union, including Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. This became known as â€Å"secession winter,† and these states decided to form the Confederate States of America. The American Civil War was four years of American bloodshed on American soil, but why? There is a common misconception that the Civil War was fought over slavery, but there were a variety of reasons as to why the war started. Ever since the declaration of America’s independence in 1776, the country was divided. The Civil War changed America because it brought the nation togeth er, made the national government superior to the state governments, helped the United States become an industrialized nation, and began the journey of equality for African Americans. Inevitably, the Civil War brought the nation together because it was a part of how our nation was built. The war also ended the idea that states could secede. Northerners were â€Å"pro-Union† in the sense that they did not believe that the Southern states did not believe that the Southern states had a legitimate excuse for seceding. Lincoln’s administrationShow MoreRelatedCivil Wars And The Civil War873 Words   |  4 Pages Therefore, the fact that ISIL has become very active in the context of civil war could be a strong indicator of its affiliation to AQ. This, as Robbins (2014) argues, is because civil wars can be said to be better and more reliable predictors of AQ affiliated groups than mere affiliation. This further means that the civil wars in Syria and Iraq could be better used to determine which groups taking part are AQ-affiliated than the mere fact that the groups have been known to be affiliated. It meansRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1522 Words   |  7 PagesCosts The war produced about 1,030,000 casualties, including about 620,000 soldier deaths—two-thirds by disease, and 50,000 civilians. The war accounted for roughly as many American deaths as all American deaths in other U.S. wars combined. Based on 1860 census figures, 8% of all white males aged 13 to 43 died in the war, including 6% in the North and 18% in the South. Union army dead, amounting to 15% of the over two million who served, was broken down as follows: Notably, their mortality rateRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War964 Words   |  4 Pageswasn’t one sole cause of the Civil War but there were many events that took the country to war and put brother against brother and states against states. 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SomeRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesThe story of this outlaw originated during the Civil War years, April 12,1861-May 9, 1865. The War were the rich sat and watched, while the poor died. A War that wanted to keep black people as slaves permanently by the South (Confederates). Newton Knight quickly grew unhappy with the situation that the people of Jones County, where he was originally from were in. He also did not approved of slavery at all. Newt was the Outlaw who freed Jones County s people, whites and blacks alike when they mostRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1093 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War served as yet another reminder that although the US had successfully broken off away England, a long road still remained before total domestic unity. This war was bloody and it divided the nation, towns, and even families. With both sides fighting for their personal ideologies, this was more than a mere territorial war. Many aspects of this war will forever act as a blemish on our nation s history. In this essay, we will explore one aspect; the camps that were used to contain the prisonersRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War Essay944 Words   |  4 Pages The War of Succession, universally known as the Civil War, was a war unlike any other. According to the Civil War Trust, â€Å" it was the most immensely colossal and most destructive conflict in the Western world between the cessation of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 and the onset of World War I in 1914.† It commenced when the Confederate army assailed Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861. The Civil War was a rigorously catastrophic event for both the North and the South. About 360,000 of the Union’s men were

Business Comparative Analysis In Melbourne and Shanghai

Question: Describe about the Comparative analysis between Port of Melbourne (PoM) and Port of Shanghai (PoS). Answer: Background and container operations ofPoMandPoS The Port of Melbourne is Australias largest container port and is also a vital economical asset for businesses and people in entire Victoria and South-East Australia. It has two international terminals and many berths to handle cargo. The Port of Melbourne was brought under the Melbourne Harbor Trust in the year 1876, which in the year 1978 became the Port of Melbourne Authority. It was headquartered in the Harbor Trust building in the Melbourne Market Street, until it moved to its WTC-1983 west of the Spencer Street Bridge. Melbourne has a wide range of facilities including Australias largest international container terminal and automotive terminal at Webb Dock. Station Pier caters for cruise ships as well Port of Melbourne was created by Focus on reactive OPS management rebuilding. Port of Melbourne has a massive trade, which more than 2.6 million containers being handled annually; they have around 1500 motor vehicles per day on an average which gives them trade value of approx 90 million revenue tones(LoBianco, 2011). The Port is spread across 40 commercial berths. Number of ships visiting annually is more than 3000. The port has a capacity of 25 kms of waterfront and 150000 hectares of port waters. They have facilities of Hydrographic survey and among that; Pangal is the largest container vessel at Melbournes port. Port of shanghai was first recognized as city by Yuan Dynasty in 1297. In 1684, ships were allowed to use this port by giving customs duty and by 1735 it became very well-known port in the region. It was opened for the international trade in year 1842. Ports first factory was established after Second Sino-Japanese War. In 1949, China took its control. It has seen lot of economic development after 1991 with the help of central government (Shanghai International Port(Group) Co., Ltd., 2016). Shanghai is presently the worlds busiest container port(Associated Newspapers, 2013). It has 3 container terminals Wusongkou Port, Waigaoqiao Port and Yangshan Deepwater port which are located at different locations. The Yangshan Deepwater port is under construction and right now it is in its 4th phase of construction and is expected to be complete by 2020. At Present, 1200 container ships depart across 250 ports throughout the globe (Wang, 2013). The Port of Shanghai is being managed bythe Shanghai Port Authority. Its oldest terminal is Wusongkou and is mainly used for domestic vessels. For International trade, Waigaoqiao terminal is used. Yangshan is the latest addition which is also the only Deepwater port. Yangshan terminal is expected to be built by 2020 and soon after that will be competent of handling 20 million shipping containers per year with a 25-kilometer belt where 70 vessels can dock at a single time(Kable, 2016). Shanghai Port operates 24*7 and all 7 days a week with more than 40,000 staff. Out of them 23,000 are full time employees and 19,000 port workers and an annual container traffic increase by 35 percent. Shanghai Port is also a key part of the central governments national development scheme. The Government has to keep focus on logistics at the port so as to give better client service and fulfill their needs (Hall, 2015). The Port of Shanghai is a significantly vital transport hub for the Yangtze River and the gateway for all the foreign and international trade. It serves the Yangtze economically developed remote areas of Zhejiang and Henan regions with its vast population and very strong commercial base(Bank, 2010). The Port of Shanghai handled more than 700 million tones of goods last year .The port has an area of more than 4 square kms. This expansion has been largely due to construction of the Yangshan Deepwater port. That port can shift more than 15 million containers in a year (Kable Team, 2016). Operational challenge faced by bothPoMandPoS With the advancement in technology, the world has become a Global village and so the demand for exports is increasing day by day. This has given ports new opportunities, but along with it, they also have to face many challenges. Ports have to keep a pace with rapid changes and also to adapt themselves to the constantly changing needs of the customers which are their biggest challenge. Appropriate infrastructure and changing customer need: Due to the increasing demand of imports and exports, ports has to come up with new strategies keeping in mind the challenges it has to face like limited land for expansion, competitive prices, continuously changing needs of clients, logistics services, complex supply chains, logistics costs. Responsibilities of organizations are changing from mere port operators to global logistics service providers. Shanghai port has three terminals Wusongkou Port, Waigaoqiao Port and Yangshan Deepwater Port. Out of them Yangshan is the newest addition (right now under construction) to Shanghai Port and the only Deepwater port(Wang, 2013). All these terminals are scattered in different areas which makes it really difficult to manage. Yangshan port in the new addition is the only deepwater port and is under construction right now. This project is expected to be completed by 2020. This port is expected to make revolutionary changes in the port of shanghai. It will be competent of handling 25 million shipping containers a year, with a 20-km wharf, where 50 vessels can dock at one point of time (Port of Shanghai Team, 2016). Although, Shanghai port has big port size and growing Yangtze River Delta, but it is still not considered a one of the top ports of the world like that of Hong Kong or Singapore because of lack of well-known services (The Fraser Institute, 2002). This thing suggests that only size and concrete are not enough to make a world class organisation, but other things also like ship classification services, logistics, safety service, education and training, science and security technology, advocacy services, human resource services. Port of Melbourne is also facing a lot of capacity issues. Earlier there were very few players in the market like Patrick and DP World. They faced very limited competition due to which they were not very keen to expand operations or bring strategic changes to give quality services to customers. As a result, the ports were not ready to face future container capacity problems. Comparative analysis describing the impact(s) of the identified challenge Due to the above mentioned challenges that are mentioned above have many impacts on the port business. Firstly, they are not able to meet the capacity demands. Due to lack of proper infrastructure capacity, ports are not able to make pace with the trade growth. Some shipping companies have made changes in technology as per customers demands and so are able to handle more freight in less time. This has given rise to interstate competition between ports. Also, we have seen ownership changing of many companies who are in this industry. Port of Melbournes value is expected to be $6 billion. Australias economically 2nd largest state Victoria is expected to win this bid, which is for 50 year lease to operate the port of Melbourne (Pallas, 2009). They are planning to build an infrastructure underground rail tunnel to remove rail level crossings and similar other projects. Due to this many financiers and builders are showing interest for these upcoming projects. Land encroachment due to residential and commercial development is also impacting port expansions. Ports have a limited land area, but in order to expand they need more land which is not available due to these encroachments on waterfront land so port options for the future are few. It may also have an adverse impact on port as other than direct port activities, it also needs space for cleaning equipment, maintenance, truck marshalling, quality control, storage, information services and some open space. With the changing demands of customers, they now look for improved safety and security measures for the goods and also in ports functions and operations (N Davidson, 2016). They want a smooth transition of their goods under safe and secure conditions. Port should be able to effectively manage ships that are in port water, activities related to transfer of cargo, development activities, movements towards the port and from the port, berthing activities, emergency management plans etc. According to a report, the trading is increasing by 6% yearly at the port of Melbourne (Birrell, 2014). Australia has also built many rail systems to connect ports that can make land bridges for efficient transport of goods. Otherwise with this much of growth every year, this can lead to congestion on the ports with will lead to much chaos. So the port facilities have to be very quick in their expansion projects and should make the most out of the current resources. Possible solutions that address the identified challenge Investment in infrastructure: With the changing needs, capacity and infrastructure needs are increasing. Expansion is the call of the hour. The Port of Shanghai has already started with the development of Deepwater port Yangshan with a vision to accommodate big and massive container ships. Chinas government is also very supportive. In 1985, it declared Yangtze River Delta as a special economic zone. It has opted liberal policies in order to attract foreign investments. Some of such practices are investing in solid infrastructure, tax rebates, lower tariffs and less government interference. Since these ports handle large amount of containers, coal, metal and crude oil, which needs lots of space and infrastructure to handle. So much of government interest and support in the past decade shows that it has worked for the port development and waterways network is continuously growing which also leads towards the economic growth of the country (World Port Source, 2016). Infrastructure Australia said that they were facing challenges to support (livability, productivity) Australias major cities, meets the needs of rapidly growing exports and improving the quality life and financial position of rural people. Due to this they came up with the conclusion that in order to deal with the long term growth plans and to keep pace with the increasing goods to be shipped, the urgency to improve infrastructure is at its peak and very important for Australias productivity. Port of Melbourne cooperation designs long term strategies for the Port of Melbourne which includes its infrastructure development as well (Port of Melbourne Corporation, 2016). Enhancing Supply Chain Management: Even with the current infrastructure, Port of Melbourne is not giving the optimal output. Which means there is some sort of mismanagement of the resources available like human resources or material resource? So there is an urgent need to check the current supply chain practices. Also, stakeholders of the company can speak to the people who are involved in different processes of the whole system about their requirements. Also, there need to be an open dialogue with them in case they are facing any problems and tactics to address them (Niamhhoran, 2016). Based on this, numerous concrete steps must be undertaken to develop the operational capacity of the Port of Melbourne, ensuring that it could adapt to the demands of the global market, and carry out its main role in the economic growth and development of Victoria. So there are two ways to address this problem: Open dialogue with people - This will reduce the communication gap because there are certain ground realities that only actual people who are working can tell and not the management. So such communication will help management to identify issues and to address them. In this way people will also gain confidence on the management and then will work together and not as independent units. There will be smooth working between one department and the other as they all will work for one objective (Nairn, 2015). Integrate Innovation and Technology: Management has to go through the practices of all the departments once again so as to know where changes can be done for improvement. Also new technology can be can be integrated where ever possible to make the processes more efficient and productive. Conclusion In this report, we have done a comparative study between the Port of Melbourne and Port of Shanghai. Port of Melbourne is one of the leading container ports of Australia and nearly 36% of Australias containers are handled from this port. Being one of the leading port of Australia, it has some key responsibilities to fulfill like to enhance international trading activities, improve the ports facilities in order to compete with other world class ports, train and protect its human resource, enhance business performance. The Port of Shanghai is also one of the worlds busiest container ports. It has three container terminals (Wusongkou Port, Waigaoqiao Port and Yangshan Deepwater port) which are located at different locations. It is located in China, which is the worlds fastest growing economy. This adds a lot of added on responsibility on this port. Its third terminal, i.e. Yangshan port is still under construction and is expected to be fully built by 2020. China had a far sighted vision to build this port in the light of growing needs for exports and to be prepared for the increasing port traffic (Federal Highway Administration, 2014). Dealing with the new environment is not very smooth for these ports as they were not so efficient in their working and lacking appropriate infrastructure. So they have to face many challenges which we have identified in this report like continually changing customer needs, infrastructure, Logistics, shortage of land space for expansion, port congestion, complex supply chains, managing the ports that are located at different locations etc. These challenges affect the ports in many ways and thus we have identified the impact of these challenges on the organizations. One of the major impacts is that the ports are not able to fulfill their capacity demands which are causing congestion at the ports, land encroachment by the ports in the nearby land to meet its day to day needs like cleaning area, warehousing etc. Keeping in mind the above the above challenges and the adverse impact they have on the working of these ports, we have proposed a few solutions that can control the situation. Firstly ports should improve their infrastructure to meet the growing demand of cargo to and from the ports. Also, to keep the cargo, more space is required for warehouse purpose. Shanghai is already building its third terminal that will benefit a lot to control ship traffic. Port of Melbourne co-operation (POMc) is also making many strategic plans based on its forecast of the future needs of the port. Secondly, we have studied in reports that these ports are not able to give optimal productivity with the current infrastructure and resources also. That means they are also facing operational issues. So reworking on the current supply chain process and improving them with innovation and technology can help the ports to meet its needs. Bibliography Associated Newspapers, 2013. Ever wondered how everything you buy from China gets here? Welcome to the port of Shanghai - the size of 470 football pitches. [Online] Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2478975/Shanghai-port-worlds-busiest-handles-736m-tonnes-year.html Bank, D., 2010. China's provinces:Digging one layer deeper, Available at: https://www.dbresearch.in/PROD/DBR_INTERNET_EN-PROD/PROD0000000000254347.PDF Birrell, M., 2014. Annual report 2013-2014: Port of Melbourne Corporation, Available at: https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/file_uploads/Port_of_Melbourne_CorporationAnnual_Report_2013-2014_h66GswKm.pdf Federal Highway Administration, 2014. China's Transportation System and Plans for the Future. China's Transportation System and Plans for the Future, 07 November. Hall, R., 2015. Location, location the challenges of regional port security. Location, location the challenges of regional port security, 04 February. Kable Team, 2016. Port of Shanghai, China. [Online] Available at: https://www.ship-technology.com/projects/portofshnaghai/ Kable, 2016. Port of Shanghai, China : Ship Technology. [Online] Available at: https://www.ship-technology.com/projects/portofshnaghai/ LoBianco, D. (., 2011. Strategic Asset Management at the Port of Melbourne. [Online] Available at: https://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/PDFs/PPT%20Slides%20on%20Strategic%20Asset%20Managment%20at%20the%20Port%20of%20Melbourne.pdf N Davidson, 2016. The challenges facing the global container terminal sector. The challenges facing the global container terminal sector. Nairn, R., 2015. The Shipping Industry Perspective on Port Privatisation, Available at: https://shippingaustralia.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/20150907-Nairn-SAL-Port-Privatisation-Presentation.pdf Niamhhoran, 2016. Port Expansion The Challenges and the changing role of the Harbour Master. Port Expansion The Challenges and the changing role of the Harbour Master, 23 March. Pallas, T., 2009. Port development strategy: Port of Melbourne Corporation, Available at: https://www.maribyrnong.vic.gov.au/Files/21.08.6_Port_Development_Strategy_2035_Vision.pdf Port of Melbourne Corporation, 2016. Port facilities: Official website. [Online] Available at: https://www.portofmelbourne.com/port-operations/port-facilities Port of Shanghai Team, 2016. Port of Shanghai: Port Commerce. [Online] Available at: https://www.worldportsource.com/ports/commerce/CHN_Port_of_Shanghai_411.php Shanghai International Port(Group) Co., Ltd., 2016. Shanghai International Port official website. [Online] Available at: https://www.portshanghai.com.cn/en/ The Fraser Institute, 2002. CHAIN OF PEARLS: PEARL RIVER DELTA SUPPLY CHAINS AS ENABLERS FOR LONG TERM DEVELOPMENT OF HONG KONG Wang, E., 2013. Gateway to the World: Amcham Shanghai, Available at: https://www.amcham-shanghai.org/amchamportal/InfoVault_Library/2013/Gateway-to-the-world.pdf Wang, E., 2013. Industry insight: Gateway to the World: YCIS, Available at: https://www.amcham-shanghai.org/amchamportal/InfoVault_Library/2013/Gateway-to-the-world.pdf World Port Source, 2016. Port of Melbourne: Port Commerce. [Online] Available at: https://www.worldportsource.com/ports/commerce/AUS_Port_of_Melbourne_494.php Yang, G., 2002. GLOBAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT METROPOLITAN ECONOMIC STRATEGY REPORT, Washington: Global Urban Development.

Social Issues Freak Shows

Since time immemorial, curiosity drove a man to seek experiences with unnatural phenomena. Freak shows arose from the counterintuitive natural human desire to see the unnatural. Freak shows were a commercial response to this desire.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Social Issues: Freak Shows specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The shows gave audiences something they craved, and the audiences gladly paid the organizers for putting up the shows. This paper explores the reasons why freak shows are still very attractive to various audiences despite the moral and ethical concerns that surround them. The Elephant Man Elephant Man refers to a man born in Britain with severe deformities in 1862 (Durbach 6). His real name was Joseph Merrick. At birth, Merrick was normal. However, after a few years, he started developing several abnormalities (Durbach 6). His skin became thicker than usual, and he developed a bony lum p on his head. His skin also became rough and looked like an elephant’s skin. At age 10, Merrick fell and injured his hip. He developed a permanent deformity because of this injury. Merrick’s mother died when he was ten years old, and after his father remarried, his parents rejected him. At some point, Merrick contacted a showman known for freak shows in England. This man was Sam Torr. Thor took Merrick into his show business and his managers gave Merrick the stage name, â€Å"Merrick, the Elephant Man† (Durbach 7). Merrick’s show career was more successful than hawking which he had tried for a few years. However, his managers exploited him and abandoned him in Brussels. He made his way back to England, and with the help of a surgeon named Frederick Treves, Merrick found accommodation in the London Hospital where he died in 1890 (Durbach 8). Merrick’s life was a tragedy from the onset, and society exploited him because of his uniqueness. His story is representative of the lives of people who live with deformities.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Contemporary Freak Shows Before the advent of the television, freak shows were live shows. The organizers either displayed deformed people in shops devoted to freak shows, or in circuses and traveling theatres. The need for travel arose from the realization that once someone saw a deformed person, his curiosity was satisfied. This means that the market for a particular freak show diminished after the audience viewed the persons on display. After the advent of television and the internet, freak shows are now part of the items viewers consume from television stations and websites. Important differences exist between freak shows today and those held in the past. First, there are tighter controls on freak shows because they tend to exploit the deformed person. In some countri es, freak shows are illegal. Secondly, modern freak shows tend to highlight deformities in an educative manner, rather than purely for entertainment. This point is debatable because the shock effect is what makes the freak shows attractive. In general, people with deformities today have more legal protection against abuse compared to those who lived in the previous centuries (Bogdan 29). Reasons for the Popularity of Freak Shows The main question this paper intends to answer is why freak shows are still popular. The most important reason explaining the popularity of freak shows is the shock factor associated with human deformities (Durbach 14). Curiosity is part of human life. In this regard, many people are willing to pay to view phenomena they have never seen. In a certain way, curiosity explains why the world has a thriving tourism business. People are willing to travel around the world to get new experiences and to see plants, animals, and physical features that have never seen before. This basic motivation is what drives the appetite for freak shows. In the same vein, shocking stories tend to get the most attention. Freak shows appeal to human sympathy and can be unnerving. Human deformities evoke very strong emotions when the audience tries to empathize with the deformed persons (Bogdan 44). The deep emotional connection with the deformed person makes the event unforgettable. It is paradoxical that human beings will make an immense effort to see bizarre things, which at the same time can be very repulsive. The second reason for the popularity of freak shows is the financial returns associated with the shows. Some commentators compare freak shows to pornography. Pornography is generally unwelcome in many societies. In some jurisdictions, it is illegal to access pornographic materials (Kull 34). However, the financial returns from pornographic content reveal that the world has a very huge online porn market.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Social Issues: Freak Shows specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This raises a paradoxical situation where the moral values of society are against pornography, yet society rewards pornography with economic returns. This illustration shows that something that is revolting or morally questionable can still be in demand. According to the basic laws of economics, goods and services follow demand. In this case, the demand for freak shows, regardless of its moral and ethical implications, drives its popularity. The third dimension that explains the popularity of freak shows is that the deformed persons are adapting to the social stigma associated with their condition. The biography of Merrick shows that he tried to lead a normal life. He obtained a hawker’s license to facilitate his efforts towards earning a living (Durbach 6). However, his appearance was too grotesque. Potential customers, especially women, were too scare d to interact with him. As a result, Merrick had no source of income. He, therefore, found his way to the show business to enable him to make some money in order to survive. In this sense, Merrick joined the freak show business consciously. It was a way of making himself acceptable as a human being. In addition, the shows gave him an income that made him less dependent on charity. In this sense, freak shows provide people with deformities with a source of income. Since they cannot find normal jobs, freak shows give them a legitimate way of making money. They are adapting to social stigma by giving the society something it craves in exchange for monetary return (Pidgeon, Kasperson and Slovic 28). This shows that people with deformities are partly responsible for making freak shows popular because they avail themselves for the shows. Conclusion The three main reasons behind the popularity of freak shows are the shock effect they have on audiences, the market demand for shows, and the self-promotion of persons with deformities. The ethical concerns surrounding freak shows are not sufficient to stop freak shows. In this regard, freak shows resemble pornography, which despite being universally unacceptable still commands a significant market share in the entertainment industry. In the past, freak shows took, place in theatres and in special shops. In modern times, the shows appear on TV, and online. The only way in which freak shows can end is by empowering deformed persons to earn a living in other ways. This calls for more effort towards social integration, education of the masses, and training targeting the deformed persons. This will kill both the supply and the demand for freak shows.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Bogdan, Robert. Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusement and Profit. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1990. Print. Durbach, Nadja. Spectacle of Deformity: Freak Shows and Modern British Culture. Berkeley, CA: Unversity of California, 2009. Print. Kull, Katrin. The Model of Internet-Based Marketing Communication. Tallinn: Tallinn Technical University, 2003. Print. Pidgeon, Nick, Roger E Kasperson and Paul Slovic. The Social Amplification of Risk. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Print. This research paper on Social Issues: Freak Shows was written and submitted by user Rory Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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